Fiiac — Coffee Brewing at Home | fiiac.com

Coffee dose, water, time

Fiiac — Coffee Brewing at Home | fiiac.com

The short answer is a ratio: 60 grams of coffee per litre of water, water at 90 to 96 degrees Celsius, and a contact time that depends on the method. This page gives the numbers for pour over, French press, moka pot and espresso, plus the ordered pour-over procedure and a table that turns a sour or bitter cup into a specific adjustment.

Numbers for every method

This is not a coffee shop, a grinder review or an equipment store; it is a reference on brewing numbers.

1:15in this record

Methods and diagnoses

Scroll the strip sideways — 6 cards.

Filter

Pour over

Medium grind, about 60 grams of coffee per litre of water, water at 90 to 96 degrees Celsius. Water is poured over the bed in stages and the drawdown finishes the brew.

Immersion

French press

Coarse grounds steep for about 4 minutes before the plunger is pressed down. The ratio still starts at 1:15 to 1:17 coffee to water by mass.

Pressure

Espresso

Hot water is forced through finely ground coffee under about 9 bars of pressure, yielding roughly 25 to 35 millilitres in 25 to 30 seconds.

Steam

Moka pot

Steam pressure pushes water through a finely ground bed. Contact time is short, so the grind is finer than filter and coarser than espresso.

Diagnosis

Sour and thin

Under-extracted coffee tastes sour and thin, meaning the extraction sits below the 18 percent floor. Grind finer or extend the contact time.

Diagnosis

Bitter and drying

Over-extracted coffee tastes bitter and drying, meaning the extraction sits above the 22 percent ceiling. Grind coarser or shorten the contact time.

Quick lookup

Index

60 gCoffee per litre of waterAbout 60 grams of coffee per litre of water is a common starting point for filter coffee.
9 barsEspresso pressureEspresso is brewed by forcing hot water through finely ground coffee under about 9 bars of pressure.
4 minFrench press steep timeIn French press, coarse grounds steep for about 4 minutes before the plunger is pressed down.

Start with the ratio, not the scoop

Dose by mass: 60 grams of coffee per litre of water, within the 1:15 to 1:17 band.

A scoop is not a unit. A common starting ratio for filter coffee is 1:15 to 1:17 coffee to water by mass, which works out to about 60 grams of coffee per litre of water. At 1:16, one litre of water takes 62.5 grams of coffee; a 350 millilitre cup takes about 22 grams.

The ratio sets how much of the dry coffee ends up in the cup. Extraction yield is the share of the dry coffee that dissolves, and the accepted target range is about 18 to 22 percent. A stronger cup is not automatically a better cup: if the yield sits above 22 percent, the cup turns bitter and drying even if it looks strong.

Water temperature works with the ratio. The ideal brewing water temperature is about 90 to 96 degrees Celsius. Much hotter water extracts harsh compounds, much cooler water under-extracts, and the ratio cannot compensate for a temperature that is far outside the band.

  • Filter coffee: 1:15 to 1:17 coffee to water by mass.
  • About 60 grams of coffee per litre of water.
  • Water at 90 to 96 degrees Celsius for brewing.
  • Extraction yield target: 18 to 22 percent of the dry coffee mass.

Numbers for every method

Brewing numbers for the four main home methods
MethodCoffee doseWaterWater temperatureGrindContact time
Pour over60 g per litre (1:15–1:17)1 litre90–96 °CMediumStaged pours, drawdown in seconds
French press60 g per litre (1:15–1:17)1 litre90–96 °CCoarseAbout 4 minutes before pressing
Moka potDose by basket volumeFill to valveSteam heatedFineShort, steam-driven
EspressoDose by basket25–35 ml yield90–96 °CFine25–30 seconds at about 9 bars
Extraction target————18–22 percent of dry coffee mass
Under-extraction———Too coarseToo short
Over-extraction———Too fineToo long
Brewing numbers for the four main home methods

Method gallery

Each method has its own dose, grind and contact time; the cards below carry the short version.

Brew ratioExtraction yieldBloomImmersion
The key terms of this guide, drawn to one scale

Common questions

How much coffee do I use per cup?
About 60 grams of coffee per litre of water, within the 1:15 to 1:17 ratio by mass. A 350 millilitre cup therefore takes roughly 22 grams of coffee.
What temperature should the water be?
About 90 to 96 degrees Celsius. Much hotter water extracts harsh compounds and much cooler water under-extracts, so the ratio cannot fix a temperature far outside that band.
Why does my coffee taste sour?
The extraction is under the 18 percent target, so the cup is under-extracted and tastes sour and thin. Grind finer or extend the contact time.
Why does my coffee taste bitter and drying?
The extraction is above the 22 percent target, so the cup is over-extracted. Grind coarser, shorten the contact time, or drop the water temperature toward 90 degrees Celsius.